Behaviorism

Behaviorism
   1) A Person's Behavior Is Changed by Changes in the Contingencies of Reinforcement
   A person is changed by the contingencies of reinforcement under which he behaves; he does not store the contingencies. In particular, he does not store copies of the stimuli which have played a part in the contingencies. There are no "iconic representations" in his mind; there are no "data structures stored in his memory"; he has no "cognitive map" of the world in which he has lived. He has simply been changed in such a way that stimuli now control particular kinds of perceptual behavior. (Skinner, 1974, p. 84)
   2) Psychology as Viewed by the Behaviorists
   Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its method nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness. The behaviorist, in his efforts to get a unitary scheme of animal response, recognizes no dividing line between man and brute. The behavior of man, with all its refinement and complexity, forms only a part of the behaviorist's total scheme of investigation. (Watson, quoted in Fancher, 1979, p. 319)

Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science. . 2015.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Behaviorism — or Behaviourism, also called the learning perspective (where any physical action is a behavior) is a philosophy of psychology based on the proposition that all things which organisms do including acting, thinking and feeling can and should be… …   Wikipedia

  • behaviorism — BEHAVIORÍSM s.n. Teorie care pune la baza psihologiei comportarea nediferenţială a omului şi animalului faţă de un stimulent exterior organismului; comportamentism. [pr.: vi o ] – Din engl. behaviorism, fr. béhaviorisme. Trimis de paula,… …   Dicționar Român

  • behaviorism — ehaviorism n. an approach to psychology that emphasizes observable measurable behavior. Syn: behaviourism, behavioristic psychology, behaviouristic psychology. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • behaviorism — index casuistry Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 …   Law dictionary

  • behaviorism — coined 1913 by U.S. psychologist John B. Watson (1878 1958) from BEHAVIOR (Cf. behavior) + ISM (Cf. ism). Behaviorist is from the same time …   Etymology dictionary

  • behaviorism — ☆ behaviorism [bi hāv′yəriz΄əm ] n. [ BEHAVIOR + ISM: coined (1913) by John B. Watson (1878 1958), U.S. psychologist] the doctrine that observed behavior provides the only valid data of psychology: it rejects the concept of mind and consciousness …   English World dictionary

  • Behaviorism — (not to be confused with behavioralism of political science) is an approach to psychology based on the proposition that behavior can be researched scientifically without recourse to inner mental states. It is a form of materialism, denying any… …   Mini philosophy glossary

  • behaviorism — noun Date: 1913 a school of psychology that takes the objective evidence of behavior (as measured responses to stimuli) as the only concern of its research and the only basis of its theory without reference to conscious experience compare… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • behaviorism — behaviorist, n., adj. behavioristic, adj. behavioristically, adv. /bi hayv yeuh riz euhm/, n. Psychol. the theory or doctrine that human or animal psychology can be accurately studied only through the examination and analysis of objectively… …   Universalium

  • behaviorism — noun an approach to psychology focusing on behavior, denying any independent significance for mind and assuming that behavior is determined by the environment …   Wiktionary

  • behaviorism — A branch of psychology that formulates, through systematic observation and experimentation, the laws and principles that underlie the behavior of humans and animals; its major contributions have been made in the areas of conditioning and learning …   Medical dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”